An
opinion poll, sometimes simply referred to as a poll, is a survey of
public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually
designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a
series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or
within confidence intervals.
Opinion surveys are the types of surveys involving the determination of the public's opinion on certain issues. Opinion poll surveys are usually administered to discover the public's opinion about different political matters such as congressional bills, senatorial elections, or presidential ratings.
The Advantages of Opinion Poll Surveys
Opinion surveys are representations of what the general public thinks or feels about certain issues. The data collected from opinion poll surveys have a strong influence on the views of other people. If opinion poll surveys reveal that candidate A is stronger than candidate B, then there is a huge possibility that more people are going to vote for candidate A.
The Disadvantages of Opinion Poll Surveys
A disadvantage of opinion poll surveys is the public's tendency to go bias. In opinion poll surveys, a huge number of respondents have the tendency to support the "leading option" indicated by the researchers. For example, a respondent is asked about who is more likely to win an election. If the researcher reveals which candidate is currently leading in the opinion poll surveys, there is a bigger chance that the respondent will choose the "leading option" as the likely winner. Other disadvantages of opinion poll surveys include vulnerability to sampling error and selection bias.
The Model Types of Opinion Poll Surveys
There are two different ways of administering opinion poll surveys: via telecommunication lines or via person-to-person contact. Some researchers administer opinion poll surveys via the Internet. Respondents can just visit the websites where the opinion poll surveys are posted and they can pick out what they like best among the given options. Other researchers still practise the traditional person-to-person contact wherein they personally ask for the respondent's opinion on the matter.
Sample and polling methods
Opinion polls for many years were maintained through telecommunications or in person-to-person contact. Methods and techniques vary, though they are widely accepted in most areas. Verbal, ballot, and processed types can be conducted efficiently, contrasted with other types of surveys, systematics, and complicated matrices beyond previous orthodox procedures. Opinion polling developed into popular applications through popular thought, although response rates for some surveys declined. Also, the following has also led to differentiating results: Some polling organizations, such as Angus Reid Public Opinion, YouGov and Zogby use Internet surveys, where a sample is drawn from a large panel of volunteers, and the results are weighted to reflect the demographics of the population of interest. In contrast, popular web polls draw on whoever wishes to participate, rather than a scientific sample of the population, and are therefore not generally considered professional.
Polls can be used in the public relation field as well. In the early 1920s Public Relation experts described their work as a two way street. Their job would be to present the misinterpreted interests of large institutions to public. They would also gauge the typically ignored interests of the public through polls.
Benchmark polls
A benchmark poll is generally the first poll taken in a campaign. It is often taken before a candidate announces their bid for office but sometimes it happens immediately following that announcement after they have had some opportunity to raise funds. This is generally a short and simple survey of likely voters.
A benchmark poll serves a number of purposes for a campaign, whether it is a political campaign or some other type of campaign. First, it gives the candidate a picture of where they stand with the electorate before any campaigning takes place. If the poll is done prior to announcing for office the candidate may use the poll to decide whether or not they should even run for office. Secondly, it shows them where their weaknesses and strengths are in two main areas. The first is the electorate. A benchmark poll shows them what types of voters they are sure to win, those who they are sure to lose, and everyone in-between those two extremes. This lets the campaign know which voters are persuadable so they can spend their limited resources in the most effective manner. Second, it can give them an idea of what messages, ideas, or slogans are the strongest with the electorate.
Brushfire polls
Brushfire Polls are polls taken during the period between the Benchmark Poll and Tracking Polls. The number of Brushfire Polls taken by a campaign is determined by how competitive the race is and how much money the campaign has to spend. These polls usually focus on likely voters and the length of the survey varies on the number of messages being tested.
Brushfire polls are used for a number of purposes. First, it lets the candidate know if they have made any progress on the ballot, how much progress has been made, and in what demographics they have been making or losing ground. Secondly, it is a way for the campaign to test a variety of messages, both positive and negative, on themselves and their opponent(s). This lets the campaign know what messages work best with certain demographics and what messages should be avoided. Campaigns often use these polls to test possible attack messages that their opponent may use and potential responses to those attacks. The campaign can then spend some time preparing an effective response to any likely attacks. Thirdly, this kind of poll can be used by candidates or political parties to convince primary challengers to drop out of a race and support a stronger candidate.
Tracking polls
A tracking poll is a poll repeated at intervals generally averaged over a trailing window. For example, a weekly tracking poll uses the data from the past week and discards older data.
A caution is that estimating the trend is more difficult and error-prone than estimating the level – intuitively, if one estimates the change, the difference between two numbers X and Y, then one has to contend with the error in both X and Y – it is not enough to simply take the difference, as the change may be random noise. For details, see t-test. A rough guide is that if the change in measurement falls outside the margin of error, it is worth attention.
Opinion surveys are the types of surveys involving the determination of the public's opinion on certain issues. Opinion poll surveys are usually administered to discover the public's opinion about different political matters such as congressional bills, senatorial elections, or presidential ratings.
The Advantages of Opinion Poll Surveys
Opinion surveys are representations of what the general public thinks or feels about certain issues. The data collected from opinion poll surveys have a strong influence on the views of other people. If opinion poll surveys reveal that candidate A is stronger than candidate B, then there is a huge possibility that more people are going to vote for candidate A.
The Disadvantages of Opinion Poll Surveys
A disadvantage of opinion poll surveys is the public's tendency to go bias. In opinion poll surveys, a huge number of respondents have the tendency to support the "leading option" indicated by the researchers. For example, a respondent is asked about who is more likely to win an election. If the researcher reveals which candidate is currently leading in the opinion poll surveys, there is a bigger chance that the respondent will choose the "leading option" as the likely winner. Other disadvantages of opinion poll surveys include vulnerability to sampling error and selection bias.
The Model Types of Opinion Poll SurveysThere are two different ways of administering opinion poll surveys: via telecommunication lines or via person-to-person contact. Some researchers administer opinion poll surveys via the Internet. Respondents can just visit the websites where the opinion poll surveys are posted and they can pick out what they like best among the given options. Other researchers still practise the traditional person-to-person contact wherein they personally ask for the respondent's opinion on the matter.
Sample and polling methods
Opinion polls for many years were maintained through telecommunications or in person-to-person contact. Methods and techniques vary, though they are widely accepted in most areas. Verbal, ballot, and processed types can be conducted efficiently, contrasted with other types of surveys, systematics, and complicated matrices beyond previous orthodox procedures. Opinion polling developed into popular applications through popular thought, although response rates for some surveys declined. Also, the following has also led to differentiating results: Some polling organizations, such as Angus Reid Public Opinion, YouGov and Zogby use Internet surveys, where a sample is drawn from a large panel of volunteers, and the results are weighted to reflect the demographics of the population of interest. In contrast, popular web polls draw on whoever wishes to participate, rather than a scientific sample of the population, and are therefore not generally considered professional.
Polls can be used in the public relation field as well. In the early 1920s Public Relation experts described their work as a two way street. Their job would be to present the misinterpreted interests of large institutions to public. They would also gauge the typically ignored interests of the public through polls.
Benchmark polls
A benchmark poll is generally the first poll taken in a campaign. It is often taken before a candidate announces their bid for office but sometimes it happens immediately following that announcement after they have had some opportunity to raise funds. This is generally a short and simple survey of likely voters.
A benchmark poll serves a number of purposes for a campaign, whether it is a political campaign or some other type of campaign. First, it gives the candidate a picture of where they stand with the electorate before any campaigning takes place. If the poll is done prior to announcing for office the candidate may use the poll to decide whether or not they should even run for office. Secondly, it shows them where their weaknesses and strengths are in two main areas. The first is the electorate. A benchmark poll shows them what types of voters they are sure to win, those who they are sure to lose, and everyone in-between those two extremes. This lets the campaign know which voters are persuadable so they can spend their limited resources in the most effective manner. Second, it can give them an idea of what messages, ideas, or slogans are the strongest with the electorate.
Brushfire polls
Brushfire Polls are polls taken during the period between the Benchmark Poll and Tracking Polls. The number of Brushfire Polls taken by a campaign is determined by how competitive the race is and how much money the campaign has to spend. These polls usually focus on likely voters and the length of the survey varies on the number of messages being tested.
Brushfire polls are used for a number of purposes. First, it lets the candidate know if they have made any progress on the ballot, how much progress has been made, and in what demographics they have been making or losing ground. Secondly, it is a way for the campaign to test a variety of messages, both positive and negative, on themselves and their opponent(s). This lets the campaign know what messages work best with certain demographics and what messages should be avoided. Campaigns often use these polls to test possible attack messages that their opponent may use and potential responses to those attacks. The campaign can then spend some time preparing an effective response to any likely attacks. Thirdly, this kind of poll can be used by candidates or political parties to convince primary challengers to drop out of a race and support a stronger candidate.
Tracking polls
A tracking poll is a poll repeated at intervals generally averaged over a trailing window. For example, a weekly tracking poll uses the data from the past week and discards older data.
A caution is that estimating the trend is more difficult and error-prone than estimating the level – intuitively, if one estimates the change, the difference between two numbers X and Y, then one has to contend with the error in both X and Y – it is not enough to simply take the difference, as the change may be random noise. For details, see t-test. A rough guide is that if the change in measurement falls outside the margin of error, it is worth attention.
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