A
web content management system (WCMS) is a software system that provides
website authoring, collaboration, and administration tools designed to
allow users with little knowledge of web programming languages or markup
languages to create and manage website content with relative ease. A
robust WCMS provides the foundation for collaboration, offering users
the ability to manage documents and output for multiple author editing
and participation.
Most systems use a content repository or a database to store page content, metadata, and other information assets that might be needed by the system.
A presentation layer displays the content to website visitors based on a set of templates. The templates are sometimes XSLT files.
Most systems use server side caching to improve performance. This works best when the WCMS is not changed often but visits happen regularly.
Administration is typically done through browser-based interfaces, but some systems require the use of a fat client.
A WCMS allows non-technical users to make changes to a website with little training. A WCMS typically requires a systems administrator and/or a web developer to set up and add features, but it is primarily a website maintenance tool for non-technical staff.
Advantages
Low cost
Some content management systems are free, such as Drupal, TYPO3, Joomla, and WordPress. Others may be affordable based on size subscriptions.[7] Although subscriptions can be expensive, overall the cost of not having to hire full-time developers can lower the total costs. Plus software can be bought based on need for many CMSs.
Easy customization
A universal layout is created, making pages have a similar theme and design without much code. Many CMS tools use a drag and drop AJAX system for their design modes. It makes it easy for beginner users to create custom front-ends.
Easy to use
CMSs are designed with non-technical people in mind. Simplicity in design of the admin UI allows website content managers and other users to update content without much training in coding or technical aspects of system maintenance.
Workflow management
CMSs provide the facility to control how content is published, when it is published, and who publishes it. Some WCMSs allow administrators to set up rules for workflow management, guiding content managers through a series of steps required for each of their tasks.
Disadvantages
Cost of implementation
Larger scale implementations may require training, planning, and certifications. Certain CMSs may require hardware installations. Commitment to the software is required on bigger investments. Commitment to training, developing, and upkeep are all costs that will be incurred for enterprise systems.
Cost of maintenance
Maintaining CMSs may require license updates, upgrades, and hardware maintenance.
Latency issues
Larger CMSs can experience latency if hardware infrastructure is not up to date, if databases are not being utilized correctly, and if web cache files that have to be reloaded every time data is updated grow large. Load balancing issues may also impair caching files.
Tool mixing
Because the URLs of many CMSs are dynamically generated with internal parameters and reference information, they are often not stable enough for static pages and other web tools, particularly search engines, to rely on them.
Notable web CMS
Some notable examples of CMS:
Most systems use a content repository or a database to store page content, metadata, and other information assets that might be needed by the system.
A presentation layer displays the content to website visitors based on a set of templates. The templates are sometimes XSLT files.
Most systems use server side caching to improve performance. This works best when the WCMS is not changed often but visits happen regularly.
Administration is typically done through browser-based interfaces, but some systems require the use of a fat client.
A WCMS allows non-technical users to make changes to a website with little training. A WCMS typically requires a systems administrator and/or a web developer to set up and add features, but it is primarily a website maintenance tool for non-technical staff.
Advantages
Low cost
Some content management systems are free, such as Drupal, TYPO3, Joomla, and WordPress. Others may be affordable based on size subscriptions.[7] Although subscriptions can be expensive, overall the cost of not having to hire full-time developers can lower the total costs. Plus software can be bought based on need for many CMSs.
Easy customization
A universal layout is created, making pages have a similar theme and design without much code. Many CMS tools use a drag and drop AJAX system for their design modes. It makes it easy for beginner users to create custom front-ends.
Easy to use
CMSs are designed with non-technical people in mind. Simplicity in design of the admin UI allows website content managers and other users to update content without much training in coding or technical aspects of system maintenance.
Workflow management
CMSs provide the facility to control how content is published, when it is published, and who publishes it. Some WCMSs allow administrators to set up rules for workflow management, guiding content managers through a series of steps required for each of their tasks.
Disadvantages
Cost of implementation
Larger scale implementations may require training, planning, and certifications. Certain CMSs may require hardware installations. Commitment to the software is required on bigger investments. Commitment to training, developing, and upkeep are all costs that will be incurred for enterprise systems.
Cost of maintenance
Maintaining CMSs may require license updates, upgrades, and hardware maintenance.
Latency issues
Larger CMSs can experience latency if hardware infrastructure is not up to date, if databases are not being utilized correctly, and if web cache files that have to be reloaded every time data is updated grow large. Load balancing issues may also impair caching files.
Tool mixing
Because the URLs of many CMSs are dynamically generated with internal parameters and reference information, they are often not stable enough for static pages and other web tools, particularly search engines, to rely on them.
Notable web CMS
Some notable examples of CMS:
- WordPress is the most popular content management system. It originated as a blogging CMS, but later evolved into a fully-fledged CMS.
- Joomla! is a popular content management system that can be used to easily create and edit webpages, but it is more complex than WordPress.
- Drupal is the third top used CMS and originated before WordPress and Joomla. It is more difficult to learn and understand than the above two CMSs, but is the most secure. It powers the White House site.
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